I have been unschooling, a child-led, relaxed form of homeschooling, for over 13 years. I am not opposed to other forms of education and have even encouraged my children to try a few different types over the years, but we have always come back to our roots. This is just the best option for our family.
Unschooling requires a massive commitment from parents, but when done well, it is one of the best gifts we can give our children, our families, and our communities.
Parents new to unschooling can feel overwhelmed and not really know where to start. In my years as an unschool mom, parent educator, and coach, I have been asked some many questions from parents starting out. I thought it might be helpful to compile a list of questions and answers here:
1. First of all, what is unschooling?
Unschooling is an alternative approach to education that emphasizes child-led learning and rejects the conventional structure of formal schooling. In unschooling, children have the freedom to pursue their interests and passions, learning through real-life experiences, exploration, and play. This method promotes a more natural, holistic approach to education, recognizing that learning is a continuous and individualized process. Unschooling prioritizes fostering a love for learning, critical thinking skills, and creativity, allowing children to take an active role in shaping their education based on their unique strengths and interests. The philosophy behind unschooling believes that children can thrive academically and personally when given the autonomy to direct their own learning journey in a supportive and stimulating environment. It requires a significant commitment from parents as facilitators and guides, but it can be incredibly rewarding for children, families, and communities.
2. How is unschooling different from traditional homeschooling?
Unschooling and traditional homeschooling differ primarily in their approach to education, but the communities often overlap. Traditional homeschooling tends to follow a more structured and curriculum-based model, resembling a school-at-home setup. Parents who homeschool traditionally may use textbooks, lesson plans, and adhere to a set curriculum, aiming to replicate the formal educational system at home. They typically take on the role of teachers, guiding their children through predetermined subjects and assignments.
In contrast, unschooling rejects the traditional school model entirely. It is a child-directed approach where learning is driven by the individual interests and curiosity of the child. Unschooling parents do not necessarily follow a predefined curriculum or set lesson plans. Instead, they provide an environment rich in resources, experiences, and opportunities for exploration. Learning happens organically through real-life activities, hands-on experiences, and the pursuit of the child's interests, emphasizing the natural learning process rather than adhering to a predetermined structure. Unschooling promotes a more fluid, holistic, and flexible approach to education, allowing children to learn at their own pace and in ways that align with their unique learning styles.
3. Is unschooling legal?
Unschooling is technically a form of homeschooling, and is legal in the United States. Parents have the right to choose the educational approach that best suits their child's needs, including unschooling. However, it is important for parents to familiarize themselves with the homeschooling laws and regulations specific to their state to ensure compliance.
4. How are unschooled children socialized?
Contrary to popular belief, unschooled children socialize and many times on a deeper level than their schooled peers. This happens through various avenues, such as community activities, extracurriculars, and interactions with peers and adults in their environment. This allows them to develop social skills, build relationships, and engage in real-world experiences outside a traditional school setting.
The reason that some of these friendships and connections can become deeper is due to the amount of unstructured time the children have with one another. They spend hours exploring the world around them with their friends, rather than in tiny spurts like half hour recess breaks.
A great way to grow community and connect with other like-minded families is through online homeschooling groups that meet in person locally.
5. What role do the parents play?
Parents play a crucial role in unschooling by providing guidance and support to their children's learning journey. They act as facilitators, creating an environment that fosters curiosity and exploration. Parents also help facilitate social interactions and connections by encouraging participation in community activities and extracurriculars. Through their involvement, parents help unschooled children develop social skills, build relationships, and engage in real-world experiences beyond the confines of a traditional school setting.
Children also shadow their parents in daily life and learn valuable tools and skills to navigate life as adults. For example, parents are able to teach their children about running businesses, personal finance, investing and budgeting just by exposing them to the world around them.
6. Do unschooled children take standardized tests? How?
Unschooled children do not typically take standardized tests as part of their education. The focus of unschooling is on self-directed learning and personalized education, rather than following a standardized curriculum. Instead, learning progress and mastery of subjects are assessed through alternative methods such as portfolios, projects, and real-life experiences.
However, if there is a need to take a standardized test, due to state requirements for application to a certain program, the student simply follows the same process as other children and studies and takes the test. There are homeschool options for all standardized tests.
7. Can unschooled children go to college?
Absolutely! The process for applying to college is the same for all unschooled and homeschooled children. If there is a requirement for standardized testing, such as for certain programs or colleges, unschooled students can prepare for and take those tests. Additionally, there are homeschool options available for all standardized tests.
It should be stated, however, that many unschooled children choose not to go the traditional route and jump into entrepreneurial ventures rather than go to college. Others choose to take some time off to travel before attending college or embarking upon their careers.
9. What if the child wants to learn something the parent is unfamiliar with?
Just as with traditional homeschool families or even with children who are in school, if the child wants to learn something that the parent or teacher is not familiar with or able to teach them, then the parents can seek out other options. There are many different ways to do this. The parents can hire a tutor for the child, help the child join a group that participates in the desired activity, sign them up for online or in-person classes, and even choose to learn the new subject alongside their child if they so choose.
Not parent or teacher is going to be familiar with every activity that every child wants to learn, so seeking outside help is not unique to unschooling or homeschooling. This is the case, for example, for any child who signs up for dance, martial arts, math club, newspaper staff, or chess club whose parents are not familiar with that concept.
10. How do unschooled children transition to the workforce?
Unschooled children transition to the workforce through various means, similar to other education settings. If they need to sharpen or develop new skills, they can seek out alternative resources such as tutors, groups, online or in-person classes, and even learn alongside their parents. Outside help for learning specific skills is not exclusive to unschooling or homeschooling, as it is common for any child pursuing activities outside their parent's expertise. Additionally, unschoooled teens are often more comfortable conversing with people of all ages than their peers who have been in school and surrounded by people with a few years of themselves. This can help them tremendously in their transition into the workforce.
11. How do unschooled children learn to read?
This is the most common question I hear from parents who have younger children and who are just starting in their unschooling journey. Parents worry about this, but I have never seen a child not learn to read in their own time in an unschooling approach. My own son learned to read from playing minecraft and reading pictures books with me. He went from not reading at all to reading chapter books overnight, because he waited until he was ready.
It is important to note that most unschooled children learn to read between then ages of 7-9 which may seem late compared to traditional schooling, Waldorf educators have shown that when children wait until they are older to read, and they have a true desire, that they are more likely to develop a lifelong love of reading when they do learn.
Some ways in which parents can help set the stage for reading is providing a print-rich environment with books, magazines, and other reading materials always available, allowing children to explore texts that align with their interests. Reading often emerges as a tool for pursuing topics they are passionate about, such as books about animals, science, or hobbies. Parents may also engage in shared reading activities, where they read aloud to their children or discuss texts together. This fosters a positive association with reading. As unschooled children observe the practical applications of reading in their daily lives, such as following recipes, playing games, or communicating through written messages, they naturally develop literacy skills without the need for formal instruction.
Unschooling recognizes that children are naturally curious and, when provided with a supportive environment, will engage with written language as part of their exploration and self-directed learning.
12. How do unschoolers approach subjects like math and science?
Unschoolers approach subjects like math and science in a manner that aligns with their philosophy of child-led learning and natural curiosity. Unlike traditional schooling, unschooling allows children to explore these subjects organically, guided by their interests and everyday experiences rather than formal curriculum or structured lessons.
Hands-on Learning: Unschoolers often engage in hands-on activities to explore mathematical and scientific concepts. They may use everyday objects, conduct experiments, or participate in real-world problem-solving to understand mathematical and scientific principles.
Utilizing Technology: Educational apps and online programs provide engaging ways to explore mathematical concepts, while virtual simulations and interactive websites enable hands-on experiences in scientific exploration. Unschoolers can leverage technology to access a wealth of information, connect with experts, and participate in virtual communities, fostering a dynamic and personalized approach to learning math and science.
Utilizing Travel: Navigating using maps and GPS systems introduces geometry concepts, while budgeting for the trip provides practical applications for arithmetic and financial literacy. Exploring diverse ecosystems, studying geological formations, and observing weather patterns offer hands-on experiences in biology, ecology, earth science, and meteorology. Cultural immersion during travel exposes unschoolers to mathematics embedded in local customs, architectural wonders provide insights into engineering, and visits to museums contribute to the history of science.
Integrated Learning: Unschooling encourages the integration of math and science into daily life. Children may learn math concepts through cooking, budgeting, gardening, gaming, or construction projects. Similarly, science concepts can be explored through nature walks, observing phenomena, or experimenting with simple machines.
Interest-Based Learning: Unschoolers prioritize the interests and passions of the child. If a child shows an interest in astronomy, for example, they might explore math concepts like geometry and algebra through studying celestial objects and phenomena. Similarly, a fascination with animals could lead to learning about biology and ecology.
Resource Utilization: Unschoolers make use of various resources including books, documentaries, online resources, and community resources like museums and science centers to facilitate learning. They encourage children to seek out information independently and ask questions.
Flexible Approach: Unschooling allows for flexibility in learning pace and style. Children are not confined to grade levels or standardized tests, enabling them to delve deeper into topics of interest at their own pace.
Natural Curiosity: Unschooling fosters a love of learning by nurturing children's innate curiosity. Math and science become avenues for exploration and discovery, rather than subjects to be memorized or mastered for the sake of passing exams.
Overall, unschoolers approach math and science as integral parts of everyday life, promoting a holistic understanding of these subjects while nurturing a lifelong love of learning.
13. What about college admissions and transcripts?
There is no difference in the college application process for homeschoolers and unschoolers. There are several strategies that unschooling families may employ to help with the college applications process. Parents can document their child's learning experiences, projects and achievements. This could include written summaries, photos, videos, and samples of the child's work. This documentation serves as evidence of the student's educational journey.
Other options may include having certified teachers evaluate where students stand in relation to their peers, taking standardized tests, or participation in dual enrollment programs or community college courses. This allows unschoolers to earn college credits and provides a more conventional measure of academic achievement. Transcripts from these institutions can be included in college applications.
Highlighting a student's involvement in extracurricular activities, community service, internships, and other relevant experiences can strengthen a college application. Unschoolers often emphasize the importance of real-world learning and engagement in their portfolios. Also, encouraging mentors, community leaders, or instructors from any classes the student may have taken to write recommendation letters can provide additional support for college applications.
It's important for unschoolers to research the specific requirements of the colleges they are interested in and to communicate openly with admissions officers. Additionally, some colleges are more receptive to unconventional educational backgrounds and may have alternative admission processes for unschooled applicants. Being proactive, transparent, and well-prepared can help unschoolers successfully navigate the college application process.
14. Is unschooling suitable for children with special needs?
Certainly! Unschooling presents a unique and flexible educational approach that can be particularly beneficial for special needs children. Its adaptability allows parents to tailor learning experiences to meet the specific needs, learning styles, and strengths of each child. Whether it's speech therapy, occupational therapy, or other specialized interventions, unschooling allows for a holistic integration of these essential components into the child's learning journey.
Individualized learning provides the opportunity to create a curriculum that caters to the child's unique requirements. This customization is crucial for special needs children who may benefit from a more personalized approach to education.
Reducing stress and anxiety is another advantage of unschooling for special needs children. The less structured and more relaxed environment can create a conducive atmosphere for learning, contributing positively to the child's overall well-being.
15. Can unschooling be combined with other educational approaches?
Yes! Unschooling is rooted in the concept of individualized learning and flexibility. This means that the family can employ any other means of education that works for the child. The key to this being that it works well for the child and that the decision to add in different styles of education is child-led. Unschooling is also often referred to as relaxed homeschooling for this very reason. There are many unschoolers who do no use set lesson plans or curriculum until, or unless, the child needs something different.
16. What if the child expresses and interest in attending traditional school?
Unschooling is, at its core, child-led and flexible. This means that if the child expresses a desire to attend a traditional school, the parents should openly discuss the reasons behind this decision and explore alternative options that blend aspects of unschooling and traditional schooling. Visiting schools and involving the child in decision-making are crucial steps to help them understand the school environment and express their preferences. If the decision is made to enroll in school, a gradual transition, such as part-time attendance or tutoring beforehand, can facilitate adjustment. Maintaining open communication with school staff, supporting social integration, and monitoring the child's well-being are essential. Regular reassessment ensures that the educational arrangement continues to meet the child's evolving needs, fostering a positive and personalized learning experience.
17. How do unschool children explore career interests and other potential vocations?
Unschooled children explore career and vocational options through interest-based exploration, real-world experiences, community involvement, independent research, skill development, networking, and entrepreneurial pursuits. With a focus on flexibility and hands-on learning, unschooling allows children to discover their interests, engage in practical experiences, and build skills relevant to potential careers. Networking, mentoring, and open communication with parents contribute to a well-rounded exploration of various vocational paths, fostering a personalized and self-directed approach to career development.
18. Are there any success stories or example of adults who were unschooled as children?
Yes, there are numerous success stories of adults who were unschooled as children. They have demonstrated the ability to acquire necessary skills through alternative resources such as tutors, groups, and online or in-person classes. Additionally, their experience of learning alongside their parents has fostered strong communication skills, enabling them to seamlessly transition into the workforce and interact effectively with individuals of all ages.
You can read the success stories of dozens of grown unschoolers on the Grown Unschoolers website or in Sue Patterson's book “Homeschooled Teens.”
19. What resources are available for families who unschool?
Families who unschool can access a variety of resources to support their child-led learning approach. Some valuable resources include:
Library Resources: Public libraries offer a wealth of books, educational materials, and resources that cater to diverse interests.
Online Learning Platforms: Websites like Khan Academy, Coursera, and edX provide free or affordable courses covering a wide range of subjects.
Educational Apps: There are numerous educational apps designed to make learning engaging and interactive. Apps like Duolingo for language learning, ABC Mouse for reading, or Scratch for coding can supplement unschooling activities.
Travel: Visiting natural and man-made wonders of the world and immersing children into the culture of a place different from home can spark new curiosities, present options to delve further into developed interests, and make for well-rounded adults.
Local Community Resources: Museums, science centers, nature reserves, and community centers often offer educational programs, workshops, and events. These hands-on experiences can enhance unschooling by providing real-world exposure.
Documentaries and Educational Videos: Platforms like YouTube, Netflix, and educational websites offer documentaries and videos on various subjects. These resources provide visual learning opportunities and can spark further interest in specific topics.
Online Communities: Joining online unschooling communities allows families to connect, share experiences, and exchange resources. Platforms like Facebook groups provide valuable support and advice.
Field Trips and Outings: Unschoolers can benefit from frequent field trips to local attractions, historical sites, and cultural events. These outings provide opportunities for experiential learning and exploration.
Homeschooling Groups: Attend homeschooling or unschooling groups to connect with other like-minded families, plan trips and outings, and build socialization options.
Local Classes and Workshops: Many communities offer classes or workshops in various subjects. Unschooling families can explore these options based on their child's interests, allowing for skill development and social interaction.
Documenting and Portfolio Tools: Tools like portfolio software or apps can help unschooling families keep track of their child's learning journey. Portfolios can be useful when showcasing achievements or preparing documentation for college applications.
Gameschooling: Board games, card games, and interactive educational games can make learning enjoyable. Games enhance critical thinking and problem-solving skills. They also help develop basic skills like reading, writing, and arithmetic.
Nature Exploration: Utilize parks, nature reserves, and outdoor spaces for hands-on learning experiences. Nature walks, bird watching, plant identification, camping, hiking, and survival skills can be powerful learning tools.
By leveraging these resources, unschooling families can create a rich and diverse learning environment that aligns with their child's interests and fosters a lifelong love of learning.
2o. What are some resources for families wanting to learn more about unschooling?
Certainly! Here are three specific examples of resources for families wanting to learn more about unschooling:
Books:
“The Unschooling Handbook: How to Use the Whole World as Your Child's Classroom” by Mary Griffith
“Free to Learn: Why Unleashing the Instinct to Play Will Make Our Children Happier, More Self-Reliant, and Better Students for Life” by Peter Gray
“Dumbing Us Down: The Hidden Curriculum of Compulsory Schooling” by John Taylor Gatto
Online Platforms and Blogs:
Unschool Rules: A blog by Joan Otto, offering insights and practical tips on unschooling.
SandraDodd.com: Sandra Dodd's website provides a wealth of articles, resources, and discussions on unschooling philosophy and practices.
Podcasts:
Exploring Unschooling Podcast: Hosted by Pam Laricchia, this podcast features interviews with unschooling parents, children, and experts, sharing their experiences and perspectives.
Documentaries:
“Class Dismissed” (2015): This documentary follows a family's journey into homeschooling and explores various educational alternatives, including unschooling.
Online Communities:
Facebook Groups: Join your local groups and ask questions! With the growth of the child-led education movement, there are unschooling and homeschool groups in all large metro areas and in many rural areas as well.
Unschooling.com: An online community that provides forums, articles, and resources for unschooling families to connect and share their experiences.
Comment below if you have any more questions on how unschooling works and I will be sure to answer!